常用的四字成语的英文翻译_常用的四字成语的英文翻译是什么
希望我能够回答您有关常用的四字成语的英文翻译的问题。我将根据我的知识库和研究成果回答您的问题。
1.英语成语的分类及其汉译
2.中文四字成语的英译及其翻译策略
3.声势浩大造句写一句话,英文例句翻译
4.?吆五喝六什么意思?有什么典故?英文翻译是什么?
5.成语与四字格的英译
英语成语的分类及其汉译
内容提要:本文以现代语言学理论为指导,以英语成语为研究对象,用深入浅出的论述和实例对英语成语予以简要的介述。把常用的英语成语进行分类,按主题列出例句并翻译,以帮助理解其含义,并在具体语境中准确地加以运用。
Abstract: This paper discusses idioms' major characteristics, and classifies them according to their semantics and etymology. Three main groups are several dominant subcategories, each of which is explained and translated at some length in the following examples. Their stylistic features are characterized with proverb, slang, colloquial, and literary expressions, etc.
关键词: 英语成语 分类 翻译
Key words: Idioms, Classification, Translation.
前言
英语成语是英语词汇中的重要精华部分(part and parcel)。社会生活的各个方面是英语成语取之不尽的源泉(Idioms from Society),当代英语中最常用的成语有4000余条。许多常用的英语成语来自《圣经》(Bible)和莎士比亚(Shakespeare)等文学名著。英语成语主要是口语,而汉语成语主要是书面语;English idiom 字数不固定,而汉语成语多为四字词组。下面分广义和狭义来论述英语成语。
一、 英语成语的理解
(一)广义的英语成语的理解
从文体学来说,广义的英语成语(idiom)包括谚语(proverb)、俚语(slang)、俗语(colloquial)、成对词(twin words)、三词词组(trinomials)、熟语(catchphrase, lexical phrase )和习惯搭配(habitual collocation, restricted collocation)等。现举例如下:
1. 谚语、格言(proverb),警句(sentence idiom)。
英语谚语常有缩写形式,类似汉语的歇后语。例如:
1) Proverbs are children of experience.谚语是经验的产物。
2) It' s no use crying over spilt milk.倒翻牛奶,哭也没用。缩写形式:Cry over spilt milk. 含义:覆水难收。
2. 俚语(slang)。
俚语为某些人群和地区所特有,适用范围有严格限制,使用时要注意其使用的得体性和意义的准确性。例如:
1)screw up 弄糟、一塌胡涂He screwed the whole thing up from start to finish. 他自始至终一塌胡涂。
2)Pay off 贿赂 chat up 与异性搭讪
3. 口语(colloquial)。例如:
snake in the grass 暗箭
hit below the belt \ stab in the back 暗箭伤人
cut the ground from under sb. 在某人背后搞鬼
4. 成对词(twin words, irreversible binomials 或 words in pairs)。英国学者福勒(H.W.Fowler) 把它比作“连体双胞胎”(Siamese twins),称为重言法(hendiadys)。例如:
beer and skittles 吃喝玩乐,wax and wane 盛衰,weal and woe祸福。
5. 三词词组(trinomials)。有些固定的三词词组也被归为成语,因为它们大都也是一些固定的讲法。例如:
1)sun, moon and stars 日月星on land, on sea, and in the sky 海陆空
2)Eat, drink and be merry. 及时行乐Wine, woman, and song. 吃喝玩乐
(二) 狭义英语成语的理解
狭义的英语成语有以下几个特点(The Characteristics of English Idioms):
1. 长期的习用性(Idiomaticity)。有些谚语有上千年历史。例如:
1)Time flies like an arrow. 光阴似箭。
Art is long, life is short. 人生苦短,艺术长久。
2)A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交。
2. 结构的固定性(Structural Stability, Syntactic Frozenness)。
英语成语的固定性(fixity)取决于它们的习用性(idiomaticity),其习用性越强,结构越固定,就越为人们所接受。 例:sword for sword 剑对剑, tit for tat 针锋相对。 Diamond cut diamond. 棋逢对手。Like cures like. 以毒攻毒。
3. 语义的整体性(Semantic Unity)。
英语成语(idiom)也称为混合词(fused words),理解英语成语的意义要从整体上去把握,因为英语成语的语义是一个独立和完整的内在统一体。例如:
1)rain cats and dogs (meaning: rain heavily) 倾盆大雨
2)wear one's heart upon one's sleeve (meaning: show one's feeling plainly) 心直口快
二、 英语成语的运用及其汉译
本文从语言学和词汇学的角度对英语成语进行分类和翻译(Classification and Translation of English Idioms)。
(一)直译法
一般说来,简略英语成语的汉译,可在易解的条件下保留英语成语其缩写形式。
译者须首先熟悉常用的英语成语并注意其缩写形式,才能为简略英语成语汉译创造条件。英语的明喻成语在译成汉语时,最理想的办法是借用或套用对等的汉语成语。如果没有对等的汉语成语,那么不妨直译。这样翻译既传达了形象,又为译文增添了异彩。例如:
1. Carry coals to Newcastle.直译加注:运煤到纽卡索,多此一举。(“纽卡索”是英国的一个产煤中心,运煤到纽卡索是多余的事。)同义的汉语成语:担柴上山、画蛇添足。
2. Sour grape(酸葡萄)来源于《伊索寓言》(Aesop's Fables)。可套用的同义汉语成语:妒忌贤能、妒火中烧。例如:If I criticize her book, people will think it's just sour grape. 如果我批评她的书,人们会说我是酸葡萄(吃不到葡萄,说葡萄酸)。
(二)意译法
“正宗”的英语成语是指包含比喻的固定词组,即所谓的成语词组(idiomatic phrase 或 idiomatic expression)。在汉语成语中,常有并列的对偶结构,用两个不同的喻体表达相同的喻意。而在英语成语中,通常可省去重复的部分,而保留它的基本喻意。例如:
1. ride the high horse 直译:骑高头大马喻义(Figurative meaning): be high and mighty意译:趾高气扬、神气活现、目空一切、目中无人。
2. It's no good getting on your high horse about single patents. You can't force people to get married.你不必对单身父母愤愤不平,你不能强迫人们结婚。
The way they treat those dogs really makes my blood boil.他们这样对待那些狗,真使我愤愤不平。
三、 英语成语在交际和写作中的作用
(一) 英语成语的运用能丰富语言表达的感情色彩
英语成语的主体和核心是隐喻成语(metaphorical idiom),或比喻成语(figurative idiom),用得恰到好处可以起到画龙点睛的作用。例如:
Suddenly he heard a rustle in the peony pavilion and someone sighing deeply. 忽闻有人在牡丹亭长吁短叹(罗贯中《三国演义》)。翻译成“长吁短叹”能够把人物心中的郁闷表达出来。
(二)英语成语的运用能使英语写作更具表达力
掌握英语成语的隐含义和比喻义,并确定其句法功能,将有助于准确地使用英语成语。例如:
It would be quite wrong to count Europe out of the international scene. It is very much alive and kicking(活蹦乱跳).想把欧洲排除出国际舞台真是大错特错,因为它至今仍生气勃勃。
运用 alive and kicking(活蹦乱跳)这个成语能够生动形象地把欧洲的活力表达出来。
结语
综上所述,英语成语是英语不可缺少的部分,它的产生、形成及应用有着长久的历史和深远的意义,它代表着英语的文化底蕴,是人们在劳动生活中积累起来的宝贵语言财富;英语成语与汉语成语相通互补,形神合一,使我们在学习和使用英语成语时更能体味它的感情及其所包含的魅力。学好英语成语,不但需要较好的英语语言基础知识,还要有丰富的文学历史知识,才能使它更放异彩和芳香。
中文四字成语的英译及其翻译策略
“物极必反”的英文翻译是Things will develop in the opposite direction when they become extreme.翻译四字成语的技巧
下面就从并列关系、语意重复、目的关系、途径方式、偏正词组、动宾关系、条件关系、省略意象这几种类型为你一一举例:
1.并列关系
名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers
名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites
湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills
青山绿水 green hills and clear waters
2.语意重复
层峦叠嶂 peaks rising one after another
优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest
延年益寿 prolong one's life
灵丹妙药 panacea/miraculous cure
长治久安 a long period of stability
求真务实 pragmatic
3.目的关系
集资办学 raise money to set up new schools
结党营私 form cliques for private gain
退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest or pastures
扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one
4.途径方式
寓教于乐 teach through lively activities
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
按劳分配 distribution according to performance
以商养文 support/sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business
5.偏正词组
廉洁奉公 honestly perform one's official duties
环境绿化 environmental greening
超前消费 premature consumption; over-consume; excessive consumption
以强凌弱 the strong domineering over the weak
以人为本 people foremost; people-oriented
6.动宾关系
优势互补 complement each other's advantages
自主经营,自负盈亏 make one's own management decisions, take full responsibility for one's own profits and losses
7.条件关系
不进则退 no progress simply means regression
8.省略意象
世外桃源 a haven of peace
源远流长 have a long history
呕心沥血 spare no efforts
画龙点睛 bring out the crucial point
花天酒地 go on the loose
汗马功劳 exploits
声势浩大造句写一句话,英文例句翻译
看到这个问题,我特意跑去查看了我的英语笔记,现在把它总结一下,分享给你,希望对你有帮助。~成语的英译策略
直译意译套译法加注法①直译: 在不违背译文语言规范、不引起错误联想的前提下,译者在英译汉语成语时可以采用直译法
1)相同的成语:
来得容易,去得快Easy come,easy go
趁热打铁strike while the iron is hot.
2)相近似的成语:
挥金如土spend money like water
破釜沉舟burn one's boats(都源于军事家的策略)
3)隐含意义很明显的成语:
雪中送炭to offer fuel in snowy weather
一人得道,鸡犬升天even the dog swaggers when its master win favour
②意译:意汉语成语具有的民族文化特色在很多情况下载译语中难以用直译法再现,为了确保译文读者准确理解成语的意义,我们常常采用意译手法
不测风云Something unexpected may happen any time
开门见山 come straight to the point
③套泽法:套套用译语中某个与汉语成语相似的成语来进行翻译的方法)
1)两个成语的字面意义和蕴含意义基本一致
浑水摸鱼 fish in troubled water
2) 两个成语的比喻形象有所差异,但比喻意译基本一致。
笑掉大牙 laugh off one's head
4.加注法(在译文中添加读者理解成语所需的文化信息和背景知识,其特点在于技能保留成语的比喻形象和文化蕴含,又能确保译文容易为译语读者所理解接受)
东施效颦 Dongshi imitating Xishi, (Xishi was a famous beauty in the accident kingdom of Yue)
四、结语
通过对以上四字格成语的学习,我们得出,四字格不能简单的采用直译的方法进行翻译,而使应该采取更多元化的方法去翻译出更符合英语习惯的四字格成语,同时在中文上也更加贴近四字格成语所包含的内容。
例题
1.爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog.
2.百闻不如一见 (眼见为实)Seeing is believing.
3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.
4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
5.不眠之夜 white night
6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal losses
7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best
8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
9.拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul
10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new
11.大事化小,小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
12.大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener
13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace
14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little
15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.
16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more
17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth.
19.活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.
20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones
21.金无足赤,人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home.
23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth
24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence
25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green
26.老生常谈,陈词滥调 cut and dried, cliché,stereotype
27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.
28.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope.
29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success
30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth
?吆五喝六什么意思?有什么典故?英文翻译是什么?
成语名字:
声势浩大
成语解释:
场面非常的大,给人一种特别震撼的感觉,通常指战争场面,或者开会游行
近义成语:
汹涌澎湃、 叱咤风云、 气吞山河、 大张旗鼓、 气壮山河、 英雄得志、 轰轰烈烈、 万马奔腾、 洋洋大观、 气势磅礴、 汪洋大海、 大气磅礴
以下是用成语( 声势浩大 )造句子写一句话
带有英文翻译四字成语声势浩大成语造句英文例句
1908年,声势浩大的光绪葬礼,但还是不如慈禧的排场
In 1908, the grand Guangxu funeral was not as popular as Cixi's.
谷歌重返中国声势浩大,是“狼来了”还是“羊来了”?拭目以待
Whether Google's return to China is "wolf" or "sheep"? It remains to be seen.
、声势浩大的庆祝活动开始了。
The grand celebration began.
、他们一行人,声势浩大地下乡去了。
They went to the countryside with great momentum.
男明星声势浩大像皇帝出巡,路人被保安呵斥,路人就应该让路吗?
Male stars are as powerful as emperors on patrols. Passers-by are scolded by security guards. Should passers-by give way?
势如破竹!《流浪地球》突破亿票房,声势浩大直逼《战狼》
"Wandering Earth" breaks through 100 million box office and has a huge momentum towards "The Wolf of War"
一场声势浩大的起义,一个震动天下的宗教,洪秀全的异度崛起
A great uprising, a religion shaking the world, Hong Xiuquan's abnormal rise
看康熙和乾隆两位皇帝就能知道,古代皇帝出行真可谓是声势浩大
Looking at Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong, we can see that the ancient emperors had a great momentum to travel.
一场声势浩大的围剿战用一炷香化解,奸臣竟被自己儿子腰斩!
A huge campaign of encirclement and suppression was resolved with a pin of incense. The treacherous minister was beheaded by his son!
声势浩大的石达开大军为什么会在浙江黯然收场
Why did Shi Dakai's army end up gloomily in Zhejiang Province?
、声势浩大的游击队伍,迈着整齐的步伐向主席台走过来。
Huge guerrilla troops marched neatly towards the rostrum.
、声势浩大的游击对伍,迈着整齐的步伐向主席台走过来。
Huge guerrilla confrontations marched neatly towards the rostrum.
太平天国运动声势浩大,为何没有推翻腐朽没落的清王朝
Why did the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement not overthrow the decadent and declining Qing Dynasty?
这些人声势浩大,死的憋屈,他们都没感觉到死亡的降临
These people are so powerful and die so hard that they don't feel death coming to them.
二战日本造史上最大战列舰,声势浩大但战绩尴尬,竟沦为豪华饭店
Japan built the largest battleship in the history of World War II. It had a huge momentum but embarrassing record. It turned into a luxury hotel.
方腊起义,声势浩大,但其实没有那么大的影响力
Fangla Uprising, with great momentum, has not had such a great influence in fact.
、为了抗议美帝国主义发动侵朝战争,我国各地群众纷纷举行了声势浩大的示威游行。
In order to protest against the war of aggression launched by American imperiali *** against the DPRK, large-scale demonstrations and demonstrations were held in various parts of China.
古典十大悲剧之——《清忠谱》,一幅声势浩大的战争图
One of the Top Ten Tragedies in Classical History: The Book of Qingzhong, a magnificent War Map
月的桃花声势浩大,为这三个星座安排了最佳伴侣!
The peach blossoms of the month are so powerful that they have arranged the best companions for the three constellations.
声势浩大的十八路诸侯,为什么都奈何不了董卓?
Why can't Dong Zhuo be helped by the powerful 18-way princes?
西班牙番茄大战声势浩大,当天扔掉吨番茄,网友:太浪费了
Spanish Tomato War is a big one. Tons of tomatoes were thrown away that day. Netizens: Too wasteful.
杨坚发动了统一全国的战争,兵分三路,声势浩大
Yang Jian launched the war of unification of the whole country. The army was divided into three routes with great momentum.
声势浩大的黄巢起义,是怎样一步步走向失败的?原因在内不在外
How did the powerful Huangchao Uprising fail step by step? The reasons are not included.
用声势浩大造句子
、一场声势浩大的春季爱国卫生活动在全市开展起来了。
、当年贺龙领导的洪湖赤卫队声势浩大,所到之处一呼百应,深受老百姓的拥护。
在法国革命的鼓舞下,一场声势浩大的议会改革运动在英国迅速兴起
声势浩大的瓦岗寨,是怎么走向衰落的?李密和翟让到底谁对谁错
石家庄恒大中心开放盛典赴一场声势浩大的感官盛宴
无力回天!声势浩大的蒋经国上海“打虎”为何失败
、洪秀全树起太平天国大旗后,天下一呼百应,汇成了声势浩大的起义洪流。
在《红楼梦》中,秦可卿出殡为什么会声势浩大,当中有何隐情?
、国庆节那天,首都举行了声势浩大的阅兵式。
唐朝中晚期,群雄并起,声势浩大的黄巢起义,为何又失败了?
、国庆阅兵仪式声势浩大,威武雄壮。
、钱塘江大潮声势浩大,惊天动地。
慈禧出殡的珍贵照片:声势浩大,陪葬的纸人、纸马栩栩如生!
黄巾军声势浩大,为何会在曹 *** 后也跟着消失了?
声势浩大的工业物联网正在面临巨大的挑战
司马懿举兵起事声势浩大,为何无人反对?甚至还帮助司马懿
西游记中这场声势浩大的水陆法会,唐太宗是为什么而办的呢
《红楼梦》因为她,秦可卿葬礼才办得如此声势浩大
、声势浩大的"扫黄"运动,荡涤着文化市场上的污泥浊水。
中国历史上第一次农民起义声势浩大,为什么最终没能成功
、我军在某地举行了声势浩大的军事演习。
扩展阅读: 形容声势浩大的成语四字词语
成语与四字格的英译
典故出处:清·钱彩《说岳全传》第48回:「你这个将军,好不知事务,只管的吆五喝六,叫我如何使出这盘头盖顶来?」 成语意思:掷骰子时的喊声(五、六是骰子的点子),泛指赌博时的喧哗声 成语注音:ㄧㄠ ㄨˇ ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄨˋ 通用拼音:yāo wǔ he liu 使用频率:常用成语 成语字数:四字成语 感 *** 彩:中性成语 成语用法:吆五喝六,作谓语、定语;指大声呵斥。 成语结构:联合式成语 英语翻译:hubbut of gambling 近义词:吆三喝四 成语例句:路遥《平凡的世界》第六卷第32章:「从山坡黑户区低矮的窝棚中,不时发出男人们粗野的哄笑和吆五喝六的猜拳声……」
1. 几个4字格词语的干翻译(中翻英)万分感谢质地优良品种齐全款式繁
The quality is fine Great variety of goods The style is various The goods reach the fund of shouldering Transcendent Widely known Pioneer and keep fing ahead Have both ability and political integrity Honest and self-contained As long as the heaven and earth endure Long-term stability Get ice the result with half the effort Get half the result with ice the effort Punish the corruption International trade 质地优良 品种齐全 款式繁多 货到负款 出类拔萃 家喻户晓 开拓进取 德才兼备 廉洁自律 天长地久 长治久安 事半功倍 事倍功半 惩治腐败 国际贸易 。
2. 四字格翻译您好,人肉翻译如下:
The stage of mental fort to which they had arrived at his hour was one wherein their souls expanded beyond their skins and spread their personalities warmly through the room.
彼时彼刻,他们已达欢畅之境,堪似神游身外,脱却形骸,满眼生花,满室生春。
Vast lawns that extended like sheets of vivid green with here and there clumps of gigantic trees, heaping up rich piles of foliage.
广袤的草地伸展出片片新绿,相缀参天大树,绿叶成荫。
In the brook, taught to wind in natural meanderings or expend into a glass of lake, the sequestered pool reflecting the quivering trees, with the yellow leaf sleeping on its bottom and the trout roaming fearlessly about its limited waters.
小溪蜿蜒曲折,潺潺流过,亦或化为一汪碧水,湖面静僻如镜,树木微颤,倒映湖中;黄叶静卧于湖面之上,鲑鱼畅游于碧水之中。
Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon the water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not plete sleep or if sleep that it was sleep with dream.
渔船三五,横泊眼前;樯影倒映水面,仿佛睡去;偶尔微颤,似又未尝深眠,恍若梦境。
望您满意,谢谢。
3. 四字格翻译您好,人肉翻译如下: The stage of mental fort to which they had arrived at his hour was one wherein their souls expanded beyond their skins and spread their personalities warmly through the room. 彼时彼刻,他们已达欢畅之境,堪似神游身外,脱却形骸,满眼生花,满室生春。
Vast lawns that extended like sheets of vivid green with here and there clumps of gigantic trees, heaping up rich piles of foliage. 广袤的草地伸展出片片新绿,相缀参天大树,绿叶成荫。 In the brook, taught to wind in natural meanderings or expend into a glass of lake, the sequestered pool reflecting the quivering trees, with the yellow leaf sleeping on its bottom and the trout roaming fearlessly about its limited waters. 小溪蜿蜒曲折,潺潺流过,亦或化为一汪碧水,湖面静僻如镜,树木微颤,倒映湖中;黄叶静卧于湖面之上,鲑鱼畅游于碧水之中。
Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon the water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not plete sleep or if sleep that it was sleep with dream. 渔船三五,横泊眼前;樯影倒映水面,仿佛睡去;偶尔微颤,似又未尝深眠,恍若梦境。 望您满意,谢谢。
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